解剖图

下图显示了组成一个图的几个matplotlib元素的名称。

解剖图

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, MultipleLocator, FuncFormatter

np.random.seed(19680801)

X = np.linspace(0.5, 3.5, 100)
Y1 = 3+np.cos(X)
Y2 = 1+np.cos(1+X/0.75)/2
Y3 = np.random.uniform(Y1, Y2, len(X))

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1, aspect=1)


def minor_tick(x, pos):
    if not x % 1.0:
        return ""
    return "%.2f" % x

ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4))
ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000))
ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(FuncFormatter(minor_tick))

ax.set_xlim(0, 4)
ax.set_ylim(0, 4)

ax.tick_params(which='major', width=1.0)
ax.tick_params(which='major', length=10)
ax.tick_params(which='minor', width=1.0, labelsize=10)
ax.tick_params(which='minor', length=5, labelsize=10, labelcolor='0.25')

ax.grid(linestyle="--", linewidth=0.5, color='.25', zorder=-10)

ax.plot(X, Y1, c=(0.25, 0.25, 1.00), lw=2, label="Blue signal", zorder=10)
ax.plot(X, Y2, c=(1.00, 0.25, 0.25), lw=2, label="Red signal")
ax.plot(X, Y3, linewidth=0,
        marker='o', markerfacecolor='w', markeredgecolor='k')

ax.set_title("Anatomy of a figure", fontsize=20, verticalalignment='bottom')
ax.set_xlabel("X axis label")
ax.set_ylabel("Y axis label")

ax.legend()


def circle(x, y, radius=0.15):
    from matplotlib.patches import Circle
    from matplotlib.patheffects import withStroke
    circle = Circle((x, y), radius, clip_on=False, zorder=10, linewidth=1,
                    edgecolor='black', facecolor=(0, 0, 0, .0125),
                    path_effects=[withStroke(linewidth=5, foreground='w')])
    ax.add_artist(circle)


def text(x, y, text):
    ax.text(x, y, text, backgroundcolor="white",
            ha='center', va='top', weight='bold', color='blue')


# Minor tick
circle(0.50, -0.10)
text(0.50, -0.32, "Minor tick label")

# Major tick
circle(-0.03, 4.00)
text(0.03, 3.80, "Major tick")

# Minor tick
circle(0.00, 3.50)
text(0.00, 3.30, "Minor tick")

# Major tick label
circle(-0.15, 3.00)
text(-0.15, 2.80, "Major tick label")

# X Label
circle(1.80, -0.27)
text(1.80, -0.45, "X axis label")

# Y Label
circle(-0.27, 1.80)
text(-0.27, 1.6, "Y axis label")

# Title
circle(1.60, 4.13)
text(1.60, 3.93, "Title")

# Blue plot
circle(1.75, 2.80)
text(1.75, 2.60, "Line\n(line plot)")

# Red plot
circle(1.20, 0.60)
text(1.20, 0.40, "Line\n(line plot)")

# Scatter plot
circle(3.20, 1.75)
text(3.20, 1.55, "Markers\n(scatter plot)")

# Grid
circle(3.00, 3.00)
text(3.00, 2.80, "Grid")

# Legend
circle(3.70, 3.80)
text(3.70, 3.60, "Legend")

# Axes
circle(0.5, 0.5)
text(0.5, 0.3, "Axes")

# Figure
circle(-0.3, 0.65)
text(-0.3, 0.45, "Figure")

color = 'blue'
ax.annotate('Spines', xy=(4.0, 0.35), xycoords='data',
            xytext=(3.3, 0.5), textcoords='data',
            weight='bold', color=color,
            arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->',
                            connectionstyle="arc3",
                            color=color))

ax.annotate('', xy=(3.15, 0.0), xycoords='data',
            xytext=(3.45, 0.45), textcoords='data',
            weight='bold', color=color,
            arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->',
                            connectionstyle="arc3",
                            color=color))

ax.text(4.0, -0.4, "Made with http://matplotlib.org",
        fontsize=10, ha="right", color='.5')

plt.show()

下载这个示例