左心室靶心

该示例演示了如何为美国心脏协会（AHA）推荐的左心室创建17段模型。

左心室靶心示例

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import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


def bullseye_plot(ax, data, segBold=None, cmap=None, norm=None):
    """
    Bullseye representation for the left ventricle.

    Parameters
    ----------
    ax : axes
    data : list of int and float
        The intensity values for each of the 17 segments
    segBold: list of int, optional
        A list with the segments to highlight
    cmap : ColorMap or None, optional
        Optional argument to set the desired colormap
    norm : Normalize or None, optional
        Optional argument to normalize data into the [0.0, 1.0] range


    Notes
    -----
    This function create the 17 segment model for the left ventricle according
    to the American Heart Association (AHA) [1]_

    References
    ----------
    .. [1] M. D. Cerqueira, N. J. Weissman, V. Dilsizian, A. K. Jacobs,
        S. Kaul, W. K. Laskey, D. J. Pennell, J. A. Rumberger, T. Ryan,
        and M. S. Verani, "Standardized myocardial segmentation and
        nomenclature for tomographic imaging of the heart",
        Circulation, vol. 105, no. 4, pp. 539-542, 2002.
    """
    if segBold is None:
        segBold = []

    linewidth = 2
    data = np.array(data).ravel()

    if cmap is None:
        cmap = plt.cm.viridis

    if norm is None:
        norm = mpl.colors.Normalize(vmin=data.min(), vmax=data.max())

    theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 768)
    r = np.linspace(0.2, 1, 4)

    # Create the bound for the segment 17
    for i in range(r.shape[0]):
        ax.plot(theta, np.repeat(r[i], theta.shape), '-k', lw=linewidth)

    # Create the bounds for the segments 1-12
    for i in range(6):
        theta_i = np.deg2rad(i * 60)
        ax.plot([theta_i, theta_i], [r[1], 1], '-k', lw=linewidth)

    # Create the bounds for the segments 13-16
    for i in range(4):
        theta_i = np.deg2rad(i * 90 - 45)
        ax.plot([theta_i, theta_i], [r[0], r[1]], '-k', lw=linewidth)

    # Fill the segments 1-6
    r0 = r[2:4]
    r0 = np.repeat(r0[:, np.newaxis], 128, axis=1).T
    for i in range(6):
        # First segment start at 60 degrees
        theta0 = theta[i * 128:i * 128 + 128] + np.deg2rad(60)
        theta0 = np.repeat(theta0[:, np.newaxis], 2, axis=1)
        z = np.ones((128, 2)) * data[i]
        ax.pcolormesh(theta0, r0, z, cmap=cmap, norm=norm)
        if i + 1 in segBold:
            ax.plot(theta0, r0, '-k', lw=linewidth + 2)
            ax.plot(theta0[0], [r[2], r[3]], '-k', lw=linewidth + 1)
            ax.plot(theta0[-1], [r[2], r[3]], '-k', lw=linewidth + 1)

    # Fill the segments 7-12
    r0 = r[1:3]
    r0 = np.repeat(r0[:, np.newaxis], 128, axis=1).T
    for i in range(6):
        # First segment start at 60 degrees
        theta0 = theta[i * 128:i * 128 + 128] + np.deg2rad(60)
        theta0 = np.repeat(theta0[:, np.newaxis], 2, axis=1)
        z = np.ones((128, 2)) * data[i + 6]
        ax.pcolormesh(theta0, r0, z, cmap=cmap, norm=norm)
        if i + 7 in segBold:
            ax.plot(theta0, r0, '-k', lw=linewidth + 2)
            ax.plot(theta0[0], [r[1], r[2]], '-k', lw=linewidth + 1)
            ax.plot(theta0[-1], [r[1], r[2]], '-k', lw=linewidth + 1)

    # Fill the segments 13-16
    r0 = r[0:2]
    r0 = np.repeat(r0[:, np.newaxis], 192, axis=1).T
    for i in range(4):
        # First segment start at 45 degrees
        theta0 = theta[i * 192:i * 192 + 192] + np.deg2rad(45)
        theta0 = np.repeat(theta0[:, np.newaxis], 2, axis=1)
        z = np.ones((192, 2)) * data[i + 12]
        ax.pcolormesh(theta0, r0, z, cmap=cmap, norm=norm)
        if i + 13 in segBold:
            ax.plot(theta0, r0, '-k', lw=linewidth + 2)
            ax.plot(theta0[0], [r[0], r[1]], '-k', lw=linewidth + 1)
            ax.plot(theta0[-1], [r[0], r[1]], '-k', lw=linewidth + 1)

    # Fill the segments 17
    if data.size == 17:
        r0 = np.array([0, r[0]])
        r0 = np.repeat(r0[:, np.newaxis], theta.size, axis=1).T
        theta0 = np.repeat(theta[:, np.newaxis], 2, axis=1)
        z = np.ones((theta.size, 2)) * data[16]
        ax.pcolormesh(theta0, r0, z, cmap=cmap, norm=norm)
        if 17 in segBold:
            ax.plot(theta0, r0, '-k', lw=linewidth + 2)

    ax.set_ylim([0, 1])
    ax.set_yticklabels([])
    ax.set_xticklabels([])


# Create the fake data
data = np.array(range(17)) + 1


# Make a figure and axes with dimensions as desired.
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 8), nrows=1, ncols=3,
                       subplot_kw=dict(projection='polar'))
fig.canvas.set_window_title('Left Ventricle Bulls Eyes (AHA)')

# Create the axis for the colorbars
axl = fig.add_axes([0.14, 0.15, 0.2, 0.05])
axl2 = fig.add_axes([0.41, 0.15, 0.2, 0.05])
axl3 = fig.add_axes([0.69, 0.15, 0.2, 0.05])


# Set the colormap and norm to correspond to the data for which
# the colorbar will be used.
cmap = mpl.cm.viridis
norm = mpl.colors.Normalize(vmin=1, vmax=17)

# ColorbarBase derives from ScalarMappable and puts a colorbar
# in a specified axes, so it has everything needed for a
# standalone colorbar.  There are many more kwargs, but the
# following gives a basic continuous colorbar with ticks
# and labels.
cb1 = mpl.colorbar.ColorbarBase(axl, cmap=cmap, norm=norm,
                                orientation='horizontal')
cb1.set_label('Some Units')


# Set the colormap and norm to correspond to the data for which
# the colorbar will be used.
cmap2 = mpl.cm.cool
norm2 = mpl.colors.Normalize(vmin=1, vmax=17)

# ColorbarBase derives from ScalarMappable and puts a colorbar
# in a specified axes, so it has everything needed for a
# standalone colorbar.  There are many more kwargs, but the
# following gives a basic continuous colorbar with ticks
# and labels.
cb2 = mpl.colorbar.ColorbarBase(axl2, cmap=cmap2, norm=norm2,
                                orientation='horizontal')
cb2.set_label('Some other units')


# The second example illustrates the use of a ListedColormap, a
# BoundaryNorm, and extended ends to show the "over" and "under"
# value colors.
cmap3 = mpl.colors.ListedColormap(['r', 'g', 'b', 'c'])
cmap3.set_over('0.35')
cmap3.set_under('0.75')

# If a ListedColormap is used, the length of the bounds array must be
# one greater than the length of the color list.  The bounds must be
# monotonically increasing.
bounds = [2, 3, 7, 9, 15]
norm3 = mpl.colors.BoundaryNorm(bounds, cmap3.N)
cb3 = mpl.colorbar.ColorbarBase(axl3, cmap=cmap3, norm=norm3,
                                # to use 'extend', you must
                                # specify two extra boundaries:
                                boundaries=[0] + bounds + [18],
                                extend='both',
                                ticks=bounds,  # optional
                                spacing='proportional',
                                orientation='horizontal')
cb3.set_label('Discrete intervals, some other units')


# Create the 17 segment model
bullseye_plot(ax[0], data, cmap=cmap, norm=norm)
ax[0].set_title('Bulls Eye (AHA)')

bullseye_plot(ax[1], data, cmap=cmap2, norm=norm2)
ax[1].set_title('Bulls Eye (AHA)')

bullseye_plot(ax[2], data, segBold=[3, 5, 6, 11, 12, 16],
              cmap=cmap3, norm=norm3)
ax[2].set_title('Segments [3,5,6,11,12,16] in bold')

plt.show()

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